Monolithic sink and vanity top combination

ABSTRACT

An integral sink and vanity top combination of a thermosetting synthetic plastic composition, preferably of a polyester resin type, wherein the bowl area is integrally formed with the vanity top area. The bowl area is provided with an overflow passageway that extends along the sidewall of the bowl. An improved combination having one or more sink bowls is disclosed and which is manufactured by a method which includes the steps of applying appropriate coating to the mold and thereafter applying an initial pour of the polyester resin into the mold, mounting an overflow tube in proximity to the bowl mold area, then applying a bonnet over the overflow tube and bowl area after the first pour has become tacky, and then making a second pour of the same material into the interior of the bonnet area over the first pour to form the bowl area to shape in integral assembly with the vanity top area. A mineral filler may be added to the resin for the initial pour to produce different desired finishes on the sink and vanity top combination. As the material is permitted to gel the mold is vibrated to permit entrapped gasses to escape to insure a product essentially free of pockets of entrapped air.

United States Patent [72] Inventors Kay L. Ruggles;

Dale B. Gunnerson; Howard S. Clark, Salt Lake City, Utah [21] App1.No. 870,995 [22] Filed July 15, 1969 [45] Patented May 18, 1971 [73] Assignee American Standard lnc.

' New York, NY.

[54] MONOLITHIC SINK AND VANITY TOP COMBINATION 2 Claims, 11 Drawing Figs. [52] U.S.Cl 4/166, 4/ 187 [51] Int.Cl A47k 1/04 [50] Field oiSearch 4/187, 185, 1,166,167,168,169,173 [56] References Cited UNITED STATES PATENTS 2,395,752 2/1946 Nuckey et al 4/166 2,413,811 1/1947 Coordes 4/166 3,156,931 11/1964 l-loltman 4/166 3,239,849 3/1966 Liljendahl 4/77 3,451,068 6/1969 Phillip'sJn. 4/166 Primary Examiner-Laveme D. Geiger Assistant Examiner-Henry K. Artis Attorneys-Hill, Sherman, Meroni, Gross and Simpson,

Tennes l. Erstad and Robert G. Crooks ABSTRACT: An integral sink and vanity top combination of a thermosetting synthetic plastic composition, preferably of a polyester resin type, wherein the bowl area is integrally formed with the vanity top area. The bowl area is provided with an overflow passageway that extends along the sidewall of the bowl. An improved combination having one or more sink bowls is disclosed and which is manufactured by a method which includes the steps of applying appropriate coating to the inold and thereafter applying an initial pour of the polyester resin into the mold, mounting an overflow tube in proximity to the bowl mold area, then applying a bonnet over the overflow tube and bowl area after the first pour has become tacky, and then making a second pour of the same material into the interior of the bonnet area over the first pour to form the bowl area to shape in integral assembly with the vanity top area. A mineral filler may be added to the resin for the initial pour to produce different desired finishes on the sink and vanity top combination. As the material is permitted to gel the mold is vibrated to permit entrapped gasses to escape to insure a product essentially free of pockets of entrapped air.

PATENTED m1 8 m1 sum 1 or 3 INVENTORS KAY L. RUGGLES DALE B. GUNNERSON HOWARD s. CLARK PATENIED umalsn I 3,578; 737

sum 2 [1F 3 \\\I/IIl/L 'Illl'I/III/IIIII'II/III/I/IIIIIIII III INVEN'IORS KAY L. RUGGLES v DALE B. GUNNERSON HOWARD S. CLARK MONOLITHIC SINK AND VANITY TOP COMBINATION BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The field of invention to which this disclosure is directed pertains to an integral sink and vanity top combination.

2. Description of the Prior Art In the past, a number of different types of kitchen and bathroom sinks have been commercially marketed which have been of a metallic composition or of a ceramic composition. In the past, where resins have been used, the vanity top has been formed as a separate unit apart from the bowl, and attaching devices have been employed for mounting the bowls onto a countertop or vanity top. A large number of different systems have been utilized for attaching the bowl to the countertop, and it is well known that a great deal of difficulty has been encountered in an effort to develop a leakproof system of attachment of the bowl to the countertop of a type that can be conveniently installed and disassembled with a minimum of effort and expense. Also, difficulty has been encountered in providing a sink bowl of the type disclosed with a leakproof overflow passageway.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION An important feature of this invention relates to an integral sink and vanity top combination wherein one or more sink bowls may be formed in integral assembly with the vanity top in a production line arrangement where the female mold surface can be positioned at selected intervals along the length of the table for ease of manufacture and to increase rates of production.

Yet a further object of this invention is to provide a new and improved sink and vanity top combinations where the expense of the apparatus may be substantially reduced and where production costs can be minimized.

Still another object of this invention is to provide countertop and bowl combinations where tooling expense can be minimized while allowing great variation in design or shape of the combination and while further enabling the combination to be manufactured at improved production rates.

A further object of this invention is to provide a new and improved sink and vanity top combination where the sink bowl is formed integral with the vanity top and wherein the overflow passageway can be conveniently formed on the side of the sink bowl.

Other objects and features of this invention will more fully become apparent in view of the following detailed description taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings illustrating therein a single embodiment.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS FIG. 1 is a bottom view of an integral sink and vanity top combination;

FIG. 2 is a top plan view of the combination;

FIG. 3 is a front edge elevation of the combination;

FIG. 4 is a side elevation of the combination with parts broken away to show the overflow;

FIG. 5 is a fragmentary top plan view of a portion of an apparatus for the manufacture'of integral sink and vanity top combinations;

FIG. 6 is a vertical section of a portion of the apparatus taken generally on the line VlVI, looking in the direction of the arrows as seen in FIG. 5, only showing certain parts in elevation and illustrating a portion of our method of forming the combination;

FIG. 7 is a vertical section with a bonnet shown in assembly with the apparatus shown in FIG. 6 and illustrating a subsequent portion of our method;

FIG. 8 is an enlarged fragmentary vertical section taken substantially on the line VIII-VIII looking in the direction indicated by the arrows as seen in FIG. 7;

FIG. 9 is an exploded view similar to FIG. 7 only illustrating the manner in which the bonnet is removed from the mold after the poured material has gelled; and

FIGS. 10 and 11 are top plan views similar to FIG. 5 only with the transverse bars in varied positions for manufacture of two and three bowl sink and vanity top combinations.

DESCRIPTION OF ONE PREFERRED EMBODIMENT Article of Manufacture The reference numeral 10 indicates generally an integral sink and vanity top combination embodying certain important features of this invention. The combination includes a sink bowl area 11 having an outlet 12a defined by the sink bowl boss 12. Integral in one piece with the sink bowl area 11 is a vanity top 13 (FIG. 1). At the rear side of the bowl area are a series of openings 14 for the plumbing fixtures. Mounted on the front side of the bowl is an arcuate overflow tube area 15. The sidewall of the bowl has an overflow outlet, as indicated at 17, in communication with the overflow passageway 15 to permit fluids to be drained through the overflow outlet 17 and then discharged through the sink outlet 12a. The passageway 15 is defined by a raised or rib area 18 provided on an outer sidewall lla of the sink 11. An arcuate closure strip or piece 19 is joined with the rib area 18 to enclose the passageway 15. The piece 19 can be made from any suitable material, and excellent results are obtained by using a piece made of fiberglass.

As illustrated in FIGS. 5 and 6, the apparatus for manufacture of the combination 10 includes a lower bonnet 20 having a female mold surface 21 of an inverted sink bowl. A large smooth tabletop 22 having a tabletop mold surface 22a is provided and the lower bonnet 20 is mounted thereon. As shown, the tabletop 22 has fixed longitudinal dikes or strips 23 that extend the length thereof. Also, at opposite ends of the tabletop are a pair of transverse dikes or strips 24 which cooperate with the longitudinal strips 23 to contain any material poured onto the mold area. Intermediate of the transverse strips are a series of polished metal transverse bars 25 which are movable longitudinally along the length of the tabletop 22 to permit vanity tops to be poured having variable longitudinal dimensions. The bars when used also cooperate as a part of the means to contain the poured material on the mold surface 22a. These strips 24 and the bars 25 are adjustable by releasing C-clamps 26 and moving the strips 24 and/or the bars 25 longitudinally to adjusted positions and the securing them by means of the C-clamps 26. The height of the dikes and bars, as illustrated, corresponds to the thickness of the vanity top 13. In addition to the lower bonnet 20, the mold apparatus includes a generally hemispherical upper bonnet 27 that is used as a mold that determines the back side surface of the sink mold. The thickness of the bowls is the measure of the cavity between the bonnets when the upper bonnet 27 is aligned and clamped with the lower bonnet 20.

The lower bonnet 20, according to our invention, is provided with means 28 for detachably securing the lower bonnet to the tabletop 22 at any selected position. Variations of positions can be readily made and the lower bonnet can be positioned close to the edge of the tabletop and the bonnets can also be positioned closely together, if desired.

The means 28 includes a rubber suction cup 29 and a stem 30 which is suitably secured at its lower end 31 with the suction cup 29. The stem 30 has a threaded upper end 32 that extends above the lower bonnet 20 and above means 33 comprising a boss which is generally centered relative to the lower connet mold surface 21 in the illustrated embodiments. The boss 33 has a bore 34 through which the stem 30 extends.

The boss 33 has an upper bonnet support shoulder 35 for supporting the upper bonnet a desired distance above the lower bonnet 20. The boss 33 also serves as means for forming the drain outlet 12a.

In order to provide an adjustment for the suction cup 29, the upper threaded stem end 32 is provided with an adjustment nut 32a (FIG. 9). The nut 32a can be moved up and down on the stem for varying the position of the suction cup 29 with relation to an outer lower bonnet rim 20a that is adapted to engage the tabletop 22. The nut 32a also coacts in the lower bonnet 22 and the suction cup 29 functions to snugly engage the lower bonnet rim 20a against the table top 22.

In the process of manufacture of integral sink and vanity top combinations, the end casting bars 24-24 are placed on the table 22 and the bars 25 are positioned at intervals corresponding to the desired lengths of the vanity tops. The ends of the bars 24 and the transverse bars 25 are squared in relation to the dikes or strips 23 in production of the combinations like those illustrated, although it will be appreciated the vanity top may be irregularly shaped at its perimeter if an irregularly shaped countertop is desired. The transverse bars and strips 24 and 25 are then clamped to the tabletop to hold them in adjusted position. FIGS. and 11 illustrate modifications only to the extent of illustrating how the position of the transverse bars 25 and the lower bonnets 20 can be varied to produce sink bowl and vanity top combinations of different shapes. By

using the apparatus shown in FIG. 10 a three bowl vanity top combination can be produced, while in FIG. 11 a two bowl vanity top combination can be manufactured.

The bonnet surface 21, the tabletop surface 220 and upper bonnet inner surface 27b are then cleaned, waxed and sprayed with a release agent. The bowl mold area 21 and the tabletop area 22a are then gel coated.

Prior to the securement of the upper bonnet 27 on the lower bonnet 20, the molding mix is then prepared, as later described herein, and then poured over the lower bonnet mold area or surface 21 and the tabletop mold area 22a. This pour can be made along the entire length of the tabletop 22 so that a plurality of sink and vanity top combinations can be contemporaneously poured. The material poured over the bowl mold area will remain on the bowl surface to the thickness of only one-eighth inch to three-sixteenths inch while the tabletop mold area 22a may be poured to a depth of three-fourth inch as desired. The first mix is then allowed to gel until firm for no more than 3040 minutes. As the mix is allowed to become firm the table is vibrated by vibrator V until the mix is gelled. The upper bonnet 27 is then clamped over the bonnet 20 before the mix is gelled and held in position by clamps 37.

The upper bonnet has a pour funnel 38 centered relative to the lower bonnet boss 33 and the drain outlet 12a being formed and the threaded upper end 32 of the stem 30 projects upwardly into the opening defined by the funnel 38. A clamp bar 39 is supported by upper edge portions 40. The bar 39 extends only over a portion of the opening defined by the funnel 38 so that material can be poured through the funnel. A clamp nut 41 having wings or arms 41a is threaded on to the upper stem end 32 with the arms 41a bearing against the clamp bar 39 to secure funnel shoulder 42 in fixed secured engagement against the upper bonnet support shoulder 35.

It will be noted that when the upper bonnet 27 is mounted in position for the final pour, its lower outer bonnet rim 27a is seated on the top side of the tabletop material previously poured, as indicated at 43. In order to obtain a seal between the upper bonnet rim 27a with the material previously poured at 43, the upper bonnet should be clamped in position while the mix comprising the initial pour is in a liquid state, i.e., before it becomes tacky, so that a seal may be established between the outer rim 27a of the bonnet 27 at 43 to prevent the mixture comprising the second pour from escaping at the outer rim juncture of the upper bonnet 27 at 43.

In order to form the rib area 18 on the outer sidewall 11a of the sink, the upper bonnet 37 is provided with an offset upper bonnet rib area 27c which extends from the outer rim 27a to the funnel 38. The upper bonnet is further provided with a continuous bonnet rib shoulder 27d at the inside of the bonnet rib area 270. The shoulder 27d is continuous so that the entire margin of a closure piece can be secured therewith in sealed relation.

A measured second mix is then poured into a funnel 38 and a cavity C between the bonnets 20 and 27 is then filled with the second mix. The vibrator V is operated to settle the mix in the cavity C. The vibrator may be of any suitable type.

The material comprising the first and second mixes is then allowed to cure for a minimum of 3 to 4 hours, and overhead heaters can be utilized to accelerate the hardening process. Once the combination 10 has been fully cured, the upper bonnet 27 is unclamped and removed from the tabletop, as shown in FIG. 9. Due to the angular configuration of the funnel surfaces, as indicated at 38a and 38b, any excess material at the cutlet of the sink bowl may be broken free and removed with the upper bonnet 27. It will be noted that the internal funnel surface 38a has a larger diameter at an upper end of the funnel as opposed to its lower end and that the upper end of inner funnel surface 38b has a smaller diameter at its juncture with funnel surface 38a than at its lower end. In view'of the shape of these inner funnel surfaces 38a and 38b, the excess material is generally broken at the juncture of the inner funnel surfaces, as indicated at 380 (FIG. 9).

In order to remove the formed combination from the tabletop the end casting bars 24 are detached from the table. After the combination has been removed from the mold, it is finished by grinding any excess material from the outlet boss 12. The overflow holes 17 are then bored, as shown in FIG. 1. Still further, the drain outlet 12a may also be bored, if necessary. Thereafter, the arcuate closure strip 19 is secured by means of a suitable mastic 44 to the continuous rib shoulder 18a in sealed assembly therewith and an opening 19a is bored in the strip connective with the sink bowl outlet 12a.

FORMULATIONS FOR FILLED POLYESTER MIX USED IN INTEGRAL SINK AND VANITY COMBINATIONS In connection with the mixtures used in the first and second pours previously described, it will be appreciated that the same mixture can be used throughout, if desired. In other words, both pours can be of a solid color mix or both pours can be made of a marble mix, if desired. Preferably, however, the first pour is made with a marble mix which includes pigmenting material for creating a desired marbelized effect in the upper surface of the vanity top. Various types of pigment ing materials may be used to achieve different pigmented effects in the upper surface of the vanity top. Listed below are three different mixes which can be used with excellent results, depending on the type of product or combination to be produced.

I. Marble Mix for first and second pours a. Base Mix 1. Polyester, Epoxy or other thermosetting resin 35 percent 2. l40l50 Mesh ground silica flour cent 3. Onyx Sand Fines to 10 Mesh Random selection 2530 percent 4. Colloidal silica (thixotropic agent) 5. Inorganic Pigment 46 percent b. Marble Veining Mix 1. Polyester, Epoxy or other thermosetting rein percent 2. Onyx Sand Fines 150 to 10 Mesh Random selection 60 percent 3. Inorganic Pigment 10 percent II. Solid Color Mix for first and second pours a. Polyester, Epoxy or other thermosetting resin 35 percent b. 60 Mesh silica sand 20-35 percent c. l40-l40Mesh ground silica flour 2035 percent d. Colloidal silica thixotropic agent 0.2 percent e. Inorganic Pigment 46 percent IlI. Aggregate Mix for first and second pours a. Polyester, Epoxy or oiher thermosetting resin 35 percent 2035 per- 0.2 percent excellent as silica in nonab- Tensile 1,500 p.s.i. Compression 13 ,000 p.s.i. Hardness 5560 Barcol Abrasion Resistance 1.93 g. w/Hl 8 wheel The use of various meshes of filler allows proper stacking of the aggregate to reduce settling or classification due to mold vibration. The colloidal silica is used as an additive also to prevent settling. Settling is not desired as it will unbalance the cast material, i.e., the lower surface will have a different density than the upper surface. This will also change the resin content through the strata of the casting. As resin shrinks 57p ercent during cure, any change of resin content through the casting will cause differential forces to be present during cure. This will result in the part being warped unless restrained either by a matched mold or fixtures or through the shape of the part itself, i.e., two-way curvature.

The use of heavier aggregate in the marble mixture tends to break up the marble veining into a more decorative effect and approaches a natural look.

The top surface of the vanity can be made to simulate marble, travertine, slate or other natural textures by the use of different types of so-called veining mixture.

There is considerable advantage, from one standpoint of increasing the production rate of sink and vanity top combinations, in providing a table which may be 30 to 40 feet long having a series of female molds each with means for securing the female molds and the upper bonnets at selected intervals for the manufacture of combinations with bowl areas positioned at various positions on the vanity top such as close together or close to one side or edge of the vanity top associated therewith. The transversely spaced bars 25 can be variously adjusted so that a series of sink and vanity top combinations can be contemporaneously formed and so that relative position of the bowl or bowls on the vanity top can be customized. The disclosed molds enable 10 or more sink and vanity combinations to be contemporaneously formed, as desired, and each combination can be quite different in specifications. Not only can the position of the bowls be varied but also the length and/or shape of the vanity top.

One of the important advantages and features of the method here disclosed relates to our discovery that when the first and second pours of material are made in the manner described and where the second pour is applied to the first pour after the first pour becomes tacky, a complete bonding of the two pours occurs so that a single homogeneous combining of the materials of the first and second pours occurs. One examination of the finished product it is found that the materials of the first and second pours have completely merged together so that the resulting product is free of laminations and comprises a single layer of material. It has been found that the one-layered combination is not only attractive in appearance but also has great strength, thus enabling the product to be well adapted for use in its intended manner.

Although minor modifications might be suggested by those versed in the art, it should be understood that we wish to embody within the scope of the patent warranted hereon, all such modifications as reasonably and properly come within the scope of our contribution to the art.

I claim: r 1. As an article of manufacture,

top combination of cast synthetic plastic composition having a bowl area integral with the vanity top area, the bowl area having a bowl outlet at the bottom thereof and an overflow outlet at the top thereof, a pair of spaced ribs formed on the outside of the bowl and cast integrally therewith extending from opposite sides of the overflow area down to the outlet area, and a closure element covering said ribs to form an enclosed passageway to conduct overflow water from the bowl through said passageway to the outlet at the bottom of the bowl.

2. An article of manufacture having the features provided for in claim 1 wherein a recess is formed in said ribs to receive said closure element so it does not extend beyond the outer surface of said ribs.

an integral sink and vanity 

1. As an article of manufacture, an integral sink and vanity top combination of cast synthetic plastic composition having a bowl area integral with the vanity top area, the bowl area having a bowl outlet at the bottom thereof and an overflow outlet at the top thereof, a pair of spaced ribs formed on the outside of the bowl and cast integrally therewith extending from opposite sides of the overflow area down to the outlet area, and a closure element covering said ribs to form an enclosed passageway to conduct overflow water from the bowl through said passageway to the outlet at the bottom of the bowl.
 2. An article of manufacture having the features provided for in claim 1 wherein a recess is formed in said ribs to receive said closure element so it does not extend beyond the outer surface of said ribs. 